Interior design has similarities with the construction of the frame in the photo. Knowledge of design techniques and architectural laws helps to create the original style of the room. Otherwise, even the acquisition of expensive items of furniture set does not save the room from associations with the pantry. The composition in design plays the same role as the artistic one in painting. Therefore, below we consider its basic principles.
Compositional center in the interior
The harmonious combination of artistic elements into a single system, characterized by the presence of ideas and forms, has been called composition. Also, this term refers to the orderly arrangement of interior items in a particular room. The interconnection of furniture sets, various equipment, decorative accessories is the primary task of the interior designer. At the same time, the interaction of all objects without exception is considered: textures of materials, surface textures are checked for combination; Studied detailed plans for all planes of the room. Each wall is an autonomous composition that still needs to fit into the interior.
A well-planned home decor is characterized by a lack of chaos, even if the order of things in it is asymmetrical. This is achieved by finding the composition center. It invariably attracts people's eyes because it stands out for its texture, shape, or dimensions. It is usually located in the center of the room, but other options are possible (wall, corner). All other design elements uniformly complement the aforementioned compositional center. In his role can act:
- master bed;
- Persian rug;
- stained glass window;
- bar counter, etc.
The latter can be used as a decorative partition in a studio apartment. Thus, it emphasizes the holistic image of a small space, its functional zoning. The beauty of the composition is responsible for the visual comfort of residents, regardless of the type of objects. The main thing here is to follow the rules of its construction.
Rules for building a composition in the interior
The use of compositional laws is considered unshakable condition for achieving comfort in the home. They play a crucial role in creating a favorable atmosphere. It does not matter - it is a public room or living room. Knowledge of the fundamentals of this interior science allows you to design even the most complex spaces: small rooms, narrow corridors, etc. After several years of work in the field of interior design, a professional masters the art of creating a composition. This experience is the key to successful decoration.
The art base distinguishes the work of a professional from an amateur interior. The process of creating a beautiful decor is inextricably linked with the following rules of architectural composition:
- In the composition, the already discussed compositional center is determined. Its role is played either by items of furniture set, or decorative accessories. They are first striking when a person crosses the threshold of the room. The absolute dominance of one element allows you to organize any space around it. However, for this, it must be "completed" with satellites - additional elements. Without other attributes of the interior center does not exist. Harmonious composition is created only if the competent arrangement of all elements of the artistic design.
- The balance of the composition is also a mandatory requirement. Uniform placement of objects allows to avoid voids in the interior. The reverse situation upsets the balance of the interior and its stylistic stability. The excessive filling of a part of the space with elements leads to an imbalance of the entire designer decor.
- The relationship of individual elements. In a well-thought composition, nothing accidental or “superfluous” is allowed. Objects are combined into a single whole through some techniques:
- on the basis of identity;
- on the principle of minor differences;
- based on contrast.
In the first case, the law of similarity of elements to each other is used, when several repetitive interior items create a pronounced style. In the second, certain nuances are taken into account. Here is a game of color, characteristics of textures. Well, in the third - the objects as "divorced" from each other. The latter is achieved by finding the exact opposite in essence: in color, texture, style.
- Compositional contrast Its significance for the formation of a composition in a stylish interior cannot be overestimated. Aesthetic space is largely based on the subtle play of compositional contrasts. The division of all elements into main and additional entails the appropriate decoration of the decor.
Laconic interior with a simple design does not preclude the use of luxury accessories. It is only intended to place all the objects in their places.
Symmetry
This word refers to the placement of interior items according to a predetermined axis. The perception of symmetrical elements always brings pleasure to the human eye. The ordering of objects is automatically associated with the harmony of the surrounding space. The presence of sharp corners or relief planes invisibly puts pressure on the human mental system. Corners are rightly perceived as a potential hazard. The pursuit of the mirror principle of similarity is in our blood.
The equidistant location of such objects around a particular center easily forms a symmetric space. However, only if we are talking about a normal horizontal plane. Since other surfaces will have to play much longer to achieve the proper effect.
If you place a couple of chairs near the fireplace or coffee table, then this space will be considered a priori symmetrical. Of course, subject to the uniform distribution of the same attributes of the headset.
This principle can be used in every room. Near the bed in the bedroom look good bedside lamps. Installing a pair of shelving at the other end of the room will emphasize the maintenance of symmetry. However, this does not mean an absolutely “fresh” arrangement of the room. Items may vary in design and functionality. One should remain unchanged: their similarity in size and general tone. Designers use everything that is at hand: decorative lamps, dressers, dressing tables, accessories, mirrors, etc. Their balance and forms symmetry.
Difficulties causes the design of the vertical plane. Its balance determines the harmony of a room to no less a degree than horizontal symmetry. It is important to correctly connect the upper and lower planes. If a person owns luxury apartments with high ceilings, then his task is to fill the voids. The classic option is the use of solid furniture, a large chandelier, stucco on the surfaces of the planes. The latter save the decor from the cold atmosphere.
Asymmetry
The asymmetry of composition is considered to be a no less interesting way of organizing space. Contrary to the first association that emerges, the asymmetrical interior has nothing to do with the mess. Complicated construction is intended to bring diversity into the life of a person. To avoid disharmony allows uniform distribution of visual load. Here it is also important not to leave voids to which the gaze will cling.
For example, you can use the principle of an isosceles triangle. When 2/3 of the space is neatly filled with the main elements of the interior, and the remaining third is occupied by some massive object. In the role of the latter are often large mirrors, decorative panels or wardrobes. They serve as a counterweight to the richly furnished area.
Rhythm
In addition to the pacified balance of individual elements of the composition, the aesthetic interior should be characterized by its rhythm. Dynamic movement is usually given by items of furniture set. However, the use of other decorative elements is also encouraged: architectural arches, decorative cornices, etc. The more unusual the choice of the designer, the more interesting the room looks.
Infinite movement can also be “killed”. This crafty reception is used by experienced professionals when they want to add flavor to the design of the room. Under the rhythm disturbance is meant the selection of one object from a number similar to it. For example, the presence of a colored chair among white fellows greatly enlivens the atmosphere.
However, when using a color accent, you need to remember about the features of visual perception. Natural extinction of color characteristics with distance from the view has not been canceled.
Dominant
When they talk about the dominant, they imply a specific element that serves as a composite center. Since he is the first to strike the guest of the house in the eye, his characteristics must correspond to the leadership subject. The center subordinates to itself minor objects, connecting them in a single system. Without it, the composition will fall apart. To make the dominant attribute stand out, use color tricks or play with scale. You can emphasize it with the help of shades of the chosen range on the rest accessories of the decor. Ideal for these purposes textiles.
Statics
Under the static in the interior imply balanced space, devoid of curvilinear planes. The classical style of the room without diagonal vectors is distinguished by its stable character. About this design they say that it has the property of "stability". At the same time, static design is by no means boring if a professional finds a way to decorate horizontal elements with decorative accessories. Deep sofas with a beautiful cape or low cabinets with elegant vases will breathe life into any interior.
Dynamics
In addition to the above rhythm, movement can be created using dynamic forms. In their role are:
- extraordinary furniture arrangements;
- vertical lines looking upwards;
- clear asymmetric geometry;
- parquet in the form of a Christmas tree;
- priority in favor of free space, etc.
Options for arranging a room in a modern dynamic style - weight. It is important to choose the most suitable for specific conditions. The movement is welcomed in those places where crowded parties gather.
Nuances of compositions
To liven up the space, sometimes it is enough to deal with accents. The careful use of several objects in this role favorably emphasizes the texture of objects, fills the space with visual volume. A common technique is the opposition of objects:
- Mirror or ornament on a matte monophonic background;
- Small color accent on the plane;
- The combination of contrasting textures.
The condition here is one: avoid busting.
Contrast
To create an original composition is recommended to use different from each other textures and clear colors. The unusual combination of embossed decoration with a smooth upholstered sofa, patterned ornament on the walls with plain fabrics, minimalist decor with a luxurious decoration of a separate corner, etc. All these examples are distinguished by the presence of contrast, contrasting texture. Contrary to the collision of contrasting surfaces, a harmonious interior is born from their interaction.
Similarity of elements
Here everything is clear from the name. The use of items similar in their characteristics makes it easy to achieve unity of composition. To simplify the task, you can focus on one of the usual geometric shapes, be it a square, triangle or circle. When elements of similar color tend to the same form, a smooth transition is created, pleasing to the human eye. It is recommended to use a gradient for the same type of figures.
Conclusion
Knowledge of the laws of artistic composition helps the owners great at home during the arrangement of the interior. For designers, mastering basic architectural rules is a necessity. Without their application in practice, the interior decor becomes poor and inexpressive. About the priority of the composition center should know only everything.
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