Decorative plaster in the interior

Decorating rooms with plaster is the trend of interior decoration of the last decades. From the material for adjusting the walls (starting preparation for painting / sticking), this method of decorating turned into the final finishing option. Decorative plaster in the interior - a kind of self-universal finish.

Adding mineral stone powder, wax, polymers to the composition of the plaster mix allows you to create artistic wall panels and imitate expensive decor, giving the room a unique look. For the opportunity to reproduce the original stylistic flavor of the interior space of her and appreciate the designers.

Decorative plaster is a special genre of interior design skills.

Application

The scope of use of plaster decoration of the walls is wide.

  • Decoration of premises: residential, office and administrative, technical.

  • Facade finish.

The applied compositions have different characteristics, depending on the conditions of subsequent operation.

  1. Mixtures for interior work - have natural components in the composition, environmentally friendly and harmless.
  2. Compositions for external use - atmospheric and moisture resistant, but contain unsafe special additives that give exceptional characteristics. Not used for indoor use.
  3. Universal - combine the positive characteristics of the first two types: environmentally friendly + particularly resistant to changing humidity and temperature. The dwelling is used for finishing non-residential premises: bathroom / shower room, bathroom, kitchen. Special additives contained in them with protective properties are environmentally-safe, but they increase the cost of the plaster mix.

Wanting to protect yourself from unpleasant surprises, before purchasing the composition, find out its compliance with the intended use.

Repair should bring joy.




Properties of plaster mixes

The advantages of this type of finish are much greater than the disadvantages.

The undoubted advantages:

  1. Not demanding for the immaculate base of the walls (it is enough to prime the surface to be coated).
  2. Durable.
  3. Owns camouflage (hides the flaws of the walls) and sound or heat insulation properties. There are varieties of decorative plaster, specially used as sound insulation and insulation.
  4. It is easy to apply, it is available to beginners (with the exception of a special type of finish - Venetian plaster).
  5. Creates a seamless seamless plane without splitting the decorated surface of the walls into visible parts.
  6. Eco-friendly. When applied, dried, exploited does not emit toxic substances.
  7. Resistant to: fire, ultraviolet, molding.

  1. Appearance attractive. Having an inconceivable variety of textures and colors, plaster in the interior can imitate the surface: stone, wood, textiles (silk, matting, burlap, etc.), leather, fantasy images (for example, a composition with clouds, flowers).
  1. Amenable to restoration (easily fragmentary restored).
  2. Resistant to the claws of pets ("wallpaper silently take off his hat").
  3. Allows the walls to "breathe" thanks to the porous structure.
  4. Amenable to wet cleaning or home cleaning with a vacuum cleaner.
  5. It is stylistically expedient in any interior (from antique styling to urban high tech).




A few cons:

  1. Applying decorative plaster is time consuming and sometimes expensive (as is the case with the expensive Venetian).
  2. It is impossible to avoid the "wet" and "dirty" phase of work.
  3. The dismantling of an existing quality coating is relatively complicated (if the need arises).
  4. In case of violation of the formulation of the composition or technology of its application, the result may be poor quality.

Adhering to the recommended algorithm for the preparation and application of plaster, you minimize the risk of the fragility of the decorative coating.




Varieties of interior plaster

Classification by the characteristics of the bonding base or fillers

Type of decorative plaster

StrengthDurabilityElasticityWear resistanceSteam permeabilityFire resistanceHigh costRequires maintenanceRequires mastery at application
1. Mineral

Mineral fillers (fiber, stone powder, quartz, etc.) are added to Portland cement / lime / gypsum.

+

-

-

+

+

+

-

+

-

2. Acrylic

Polymer, ready to be applied in water-dispersion dilution. This mixture of acrylic resins is easily tinted with pigments.

+

+

+

+

+

-

-

-

-

3.Silicone

It is based on plastic silicone resins. Ready to use. Bends and stretches.

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

-

-

4. Silicate

At the base is an expensive, quick-setting “liquid” glass.

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

-

+




Classification by type of decor

  1. Structural

This is the name for decorative plaster, which creates a relief structure on the wall due to the inclusion of various granular masses - wood fibers, cellulose, quartz, pebbles, mica and other solid particles. The relief is created only by the filler without the use of special tools - textured spatulas and special rollers.

It is fine and coarse. The larger and deeper the relief created by it (the coarser the filler), the more the mixture will be consumed per unit of the area to be covered.

Among the structural "celebrities" of the decor are the bark beetle plaster in the interior, the rains are diagonal and vertical, the lamb.

May differ in binder and be 4 types (previously described in the table).




  1. Textured

This finish mimics the texture of various materials using decorative plaster with fillers (see above paragraph 1) and special tools. In their role can serve both textured rollers / spatulas, and improvised means (brushes, brushes, plastic bags) that are adaptable for this purpose. On a bonding basis, there are four basic types (see table).




  1. Venetian

Textured decoration of the walls with plaster of complex composition (lime, marble powder, gypsum + wax and polymers) using a special mirror spatula. This type of finish, imitating a polished cut of expensive stone (malachite, marble) for several hundred years, although the demand for a "Venetian" does not fall today. Differing in the difficult technology of applying a layer after a layer and their subsequent polishing, the very type of finishing is synonymous with refinement, luxury, and well-being.




  1. Flock

A relatively young way of decorating. With a certain interval on the wall are applied:

  • glue acrylic layer (using a roller or brush);
  • flak fragments fired by a pistol - flakes of acrylic;
  • fixing layer again, acrylic lacquer.

This decor is energy-intensive, time-consuming, technologically difficult and expensive (requires special equipment).




  1. Silk

It is similar in technology to flock (being more finishing than plaster in the traditional sense). Instead of acrylic flakes, polyester + artificial or natural silk fibers are used. Also known as "liquid" wallpaper.




  1. Graphite

Plaster mix based on white Portland cement. It is used to give a believable three-dimensional imitation stone. Such decorative plaster is easy to "portray" brickwork, rubble stone, etc. It can be applied in a layer 8 cm thick. Thanks to polymeric additives it is very plastic, does not slip from the wall. While hardening, it is likened to "cold welding", filling before it micro cracks and voids in the wall.




  1. "Warm" energy saving

Adding to the mineral standard base (Portland cement) a special filler - expanded polystyrene in the form of granules, expanded vermiculite, sawdust or perlite powder - informs the mixture not only decorative, but also heat-insulating characteristics.

Features of use in a modern interior

We decorate the living room

The purpose of the main room in the house is to create a relaxed atmosphere for communication. When working on its interior, remember that the largest surface that requires finishing is the walls. Without needing separate protection from temperature extremes or excessive humidity (as in a bathroom / shower or kitchen), without having increased requirements for durability (as in a hallway / corridor), the decoration of living room walls can be very elegant and not be limited in choice.

Prefer a smooth finish ("Venetian") or relief - the choice is yours. Measurement - compliance with the style and design concept.

Plaster decorative panels on the main wall of the room will add a special uniqueness to the living room. Despite the complexity, time and energy consumption, such a design element anywhere else can not be repeated exactly. The uniqueness of the living room decoration is guaranteed.




Stages of creating relief panels

  • Surface priming;
  • Formation of the background;
  • Drawing a sketch;
  • Layer-by-layer build-up of three-dimensional pattern (using spatulas, handicrafts, brushes, etc.);
  • Smoothing of sharp reliefs and their careful sanding;
  • Coloring and manifestation of the pattern;
  • Glazing with a subsequent accented drawing of light places;
  • Finishing priming and (if necessary) varnishing.

A masterpiece of wall painting is ready.




Use in the interior of the bedroom

Since during rest and sleep a person is not particularly protected, the main criterion for choosing wall decor in the bedroom is:

  • environmental friendliness;
  • security;
  • color expediency;
  • textured interior compatibility.

The room, designed to cause peace and tranquility, can get off with all the materials, taking into account the above requirements.




Wall decoration in bathrooms

Selecting the option of wall decoration in the most humid areas, the main criterion for selection is the moisture resistance of decorative plaster and its vapor permeability. Less attention should be paid to porous, embossed surfaces, and unconditional preference should be given to walls covered with water-repellent compositions:

  • silicate;
  • silicone;
  • "Venetian" (having a mineral base, this mixture is equipped with a wax film as a protective layer).

Waterproof surfaces have a unique technology of applying decorative mixtures:

  1. Repeated pre-primer;
  2. Special thorough grout-ironing;
  3. Drying plaster for 3 days.

In addition to trouble-free care, the ability to tint named mixtures (or paint in various shades) makes them applicable in any stylistic and design conditions. The main condition is to resist moisture in the form of water and vapor.




Decorating kitchen walls

In addition to high humidity, the decor of the kitchen room should have good resistance to temperature changes. Heat resistance and fire resistance are additional requirements for the ability to repel moisture in any form. Otherwise, there are no restrictions: “Venetian”, decorative panels, structural and textured versions - everything is within the power of modern kitchen design in the style variety from antique to high-tech.




Decorating possibilities

Gaining increasing popularity in design circles, much is subject to this type of decor:

  1. Conceal, mask and decorate existing inappropriate:
  • wall defects;
  • the presence of structures (columns, beams, openings) that do not fit into the desired design.
  1. Protect from affecting other types of finishing trouble in the form of:
  • fungus;
  • high humidity;
  • temperature drops.

  1. Give originality and uniqueness to the finish. It is impossible to find an exact copy of the decorated wall, even within the same room!
  2. It goes well with other types of finishes: wallpaper, stone or brickwork, wooden clapboard. The main thing is to coordinate in color / texture and subordinate the stylistics of the idea.
  3. With the right color scheme, visually push the boundaries of the room.
  4. With a small financial investment, create a unique design (especially if you do not involve specialist craftsmen in decorating, and by trial and error to master this segment of decoration yourself).




Trial and error

Wanting to test yourself as a master of plaster decoration, you can prepare the mixture yourself, taking as a basis:

  • starting putty (plaster favorite brand) 3 parts;
  • pre-sifted sand 3 parts;
  • adhesive composition (1 part) or PVA in dilution with water.




Thoroughly mixed, pre-apply the mixture with a spatula on the primed surface, then randomly giving the desired texture later one of the available tools:

  • brush;
  • stiff brush;
  • crumpled polyethylene;
  • rubber glove;
  • foam sponge;
  • splash;
  • textured roller.

Satisfied with the result, the relief after drying should be sanded (removing sharp edges) and painted in several layers using the glaze and highlighting of the protruding parts of the relief.

Road going by walking!

Watch the video: Modern Plaster Techniques (March 2024).

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