12 simple rules of interior design

The modern abundance, a variety of design styles allows you to beautifully, originally, conveniently arrange the room in accordance with their preferences. There is a great variety of options - it seems that the choice is limited only by fantasy. But in fact, there are certain rules of interior design, observing that it is easy to create a room, hall, apartment, house of your dreams.

Why do you need to follow the rules for creating interior design

Registration of any room is made, first of all, for the convenience of people, comfortable rest, productive work. Just a couple of decades ago, people lived, worked in cramped, cold, with insufficient lighting, and very few people thought about the correct color design. Furniture, especially in the countries of the former Soviet Union, did not have much to choose - there were only a few drawing models of each item on sale, and the production for the order was available to quite a few. The decor was acquired according to the principle “the more the better” - the presence in the house of many pictures, figurines, posters, intricate dishes was considered a symbol of wealth, but created an incredible tightness.

Today's time dictates other rules. In short, the apartment should be:

  • warm but not stuffy;
  • beautiful, but not crowded;
  • light, but not overly bright;
  • to fit everything you need, but each family member should have a private corner.

    

Basic rules, tips

The main design laws are based on the principles of harmony, "golden section", integrity, competent combination of colors, practicality, environmental friendliness of finishing materials. The purpose of the room is taken into account - for work, sleep, food intake, age and number of residents - children, couples, the elderly. Based on the above, furniture, lighting, decor, textiles are selected. The style of the interior depends on the area and the configuration of the room, the height of the ceilings, the presence or absence of windows, balconies, open communications, the location of the entrance door. The occupation of the owners, their hobbies, work, preferred type of recreation are also important - the number of storage places, free spaces, apartment and house zoning depends on it.


    

Rule 1: Purpose, room functionality

One of the main points is the purpose of a specific room. The mode of the day, age, gender, occupation of each family member is important. The bedroom of adults is made out quite differently than the nursery, and the living room or kitchen of a large family is very different from the room of a single person. You need to start with the planning - you need to think about what rooms are needed at all, whether it is possible to equip a dressing room, an office, a separate bedroom for each child. You may also need to combine some areas - a kitchen with a dining room, a bedroom with an office, a balcony with a living room, or organize a now completely fashionable completely "open space", that is, a studio.

For clarity, you need to make a detailed plan, with an indication of all significant elements - windows, doors, partitions, furniture, etc.

    

Rule 2: Expressiveness, aesthetics - the choice of colors, textures

Interior coloring creates the mood of the room. Calm tones relax, set to rest, bright tones, set the working mood, but they should not be used in bedrooms, bathrooms, excessively abused in the hall. Neutral, monochrome colors look boring, because it needs some contrasts. It should be borne in mind that the vast spaces with high ceilings, several large windows facing the south or south-east side, are decorated with dark, cold colors. The narrow, narrow rooms, with a low or medium ceiling, with a single small window looking north, north-west, are painted and glued with materials of light, warm colors. So a limited area becomes visually spacious, an overly spacious area becomes more comfortable.

The texture often depends on the chosen interior style - it can be smooth or have pronounced roughness. It is desirable that the color or texture combined most items in the room.

    

Rule 3: Use Black

The black color scheme is strict and laconic, bold and mysterious. It goes well with any other colors, creating clear contrasts. But they should not be abused - the abundance of dark tones, especially in cramped spaces, creates a dark, oppressive impression, narrows the space. In expensive, noble interiors, sturdy materials in black are used - wood, stone, metals, tinted glass, and fabrics - velvet, silk, polyester, jacquard, wool, etc.

It is not recommended to use black in cafes, restaurants, eateries, as it is able to reduce the appetite.

    

Rule 4: Competent choice of finishing materials

The materials are used natural, artificial, any combination of them. Abundant stucco, carved textured decor, an abundance of arches, low-functional protrusions, significantly reduce the room, because they are used with extreme caution. Modern interiors strive for practicality - the simpler, cheaper, the better. These are plastered walls, instead of wallpaper, which have to be glued almost annually, easily washable tiles or dense linoleum, instead of intricate parquet, which must be carefully monitored, stretch film or suspended ceiling, which does not require whitewashing, hiding unnecessary wires.

Materials are selected depending on the purpose of the rooms: in the bedroom, the living room is not used stone, ceramics - they are too cold, and the carpet will be just right. For the nursery, only natural, eco-friendly materials of non-marking colors are required. In the bathroom, hallway, kitchen room, coverings are chosen well cleared of pollution, not afraid of water - washable wallpaper, granite, etc.

    

Rule 5: Proper Lighting

Well-chosen lighting is one of the most important moments of interior design. With the help of light, you can not only unrecognizable change the configuration, the appearance of space, but also significantly expand it. It is recommended to use several types of lamps in each room - a central ceiling chandelier, a lamp of adjustable brightness over each logical zone, decorative LED lighting along baseboards, cornices, and individual pieces of furniture. You can use any - crystal chandeliers or wall sconces, floor lamps or spotlights, table lamps or candles.

Do not ignore the street light - to clutter up the window, strongly “curling” it in the daytime is not desirable. When writing, reading, working at a computer, the light for the right-handed person should fall on the left, for the left-handed person - the right. Around the bed, the lighting is applied scattered, the children's room is adequately lit completely.

With the help of mirrors it is easy to create the impression that there is a lot of light, and the room itself is large enough. The main thing is to mount them so that the lamps reflecting in them do not hurt the eyes.

    

Rule 6: We keep balance - balance, proportionality

Professional designers recommend adhering to the proportions of the "golden section" - the largest items should relate to averages like 1 to 0.62, just like averages to smaller ones. That is, the size of the sofa will be approximately 0.62 of the size of the cabinet wall, a coffee table - up to 0.62 of the sofa, the floor tub with a palm tree - about 0.62 from the table, etc.

In general, the interior is made symmetrical - this is important when complying with any classical style or emphasized asymmetrical. There is a third option - to create symmetry with respect to the middle of the room, a fireplace, a bed, windows, mirrors, and then slightly disturb it with a contrasting nuance.
Color combinations are also directly dependent on these proportions. It is recommended to use a maximum of three colors, and the main one will have up to 60-65% of the entire design, an additional 30-35%, up to 5-10% - small color contrasts.

When you want to adjust the shape of the room, the stripes are used, the lines - vertical “raise” the ceiling, making the room taller, the horizontal ones make the surface longer.

Rule 7: Choosing Functional, Reliable Furniture

Good furniture - comfortable, safe, beautiful. It is selected for a certain interior style - many firms sell furniture in whole sets: “for the bedroom”, “for the living room”, “for the bathroom”, etc. When you arrange, the center of the composition is chosen, from which the rest “dances”. It is not desirable to install furniture close to the walls - usually they leave at least 15-20 cm in order to remove dust without difficulty, to get the rolled-up objects. Such an interior looks more voluminous - if space permits, part of the furniture is placed in the very middle. The smaller the room, the less bulky the situation is chosen - transparent objects made of glass, plastic will give the room airiness. To make the interior not look boring, elements of various forms are selected, but excessively bulky, carved, “palace” furniture is suitable only for spacious rooms.

Modern manufacturers offer a huge selection of built-in, convertible, modular furniture - a wardrobe-bed, a folding sofa, easily transforming into a sleeping place or a sofa with a pair of chairs, poufs, an attic bed, a kitchen set with additional sliding work surfaces or a folding bar counter. It is important to organize in the apartment a sufficient number of storage places - most things should not be in plain sight or anywhere.

There must be enough space between the objects for free movement - the more occupants have in the apartment, the wider this space becomes.

    

Rule 8: Choice, the role of textiles in the interior

Textile draperies make the space cozy, habitable. A large carpet, which does not reach the walls a bit, unites the main furnishings around it, curtains that match the color of the walls will slightly expand the room, contrasting ones will create the necessary accent. Bed covers are designed to protect bedding from dirt, tulle - residents from prying eyes, not hindering daylight. Pillows are selected in the same color with tablecloths, curtains or fabric screens. Lace valances, canopies, canopies, curtains with frills, tablecloths with tassels are used in the interiors of baroque, empire, rococo, gothic, and high-tech or Japanese style are decorated with plain furniture covers, without everything extra, upholstered in leather, leatherette.

Rule 9: For comfort, freshness, do not forget about plants.

Man, no matter where he lived, always seeks to be closer to nature. Even a small potted flower is able to improve the composition of the air, fill the room with a pleasant smell during flowering, and some species can get rid of annoying insects and even heal. If there is an empty corner in the room, which is not clear what to occupy, a large living plant is placed there - a palm tree, a ficus, a large cactus, aloe, nephrolepis, any decorative liana. In the depths of the room, shade-tolerant plants are located on the north windows, on the south side there are light-loving cacti, and other succulents.

Plants are selected for different styles of interiors:

  • in classic looks begonia, ivy, cisus, rubber plants, violets;
  • for Provence fit cyclamen, primrose, bell, myrtle;
  • for Japanese - portulacaria, akbou, juniper, camellia;
  • for a loft - a sanceviera, a Cereus cactus, a thuja tree;
  • for minimalism - lithops, large-leaved ficuses, certain types of aloe.

For each plant to look good, care is needed, the conditions corresponding to its needs - appropriate air humidity, watering, soil composition, light.

    

Rule 10: Comply with the "rule of three"

Compositions of an odd number of subjects look much more profitable than even ones. The principle is that the items of furniture and decor are grouped into three pieces - symmetrically, in one row, randomly, “by height”. So you can have homogeneous objects of different sizes or different, but similar in size. For example, three chairs in a row, two chairs with a coffee table, three vases or candlesticks that differ in height, a composition of a large mirror and two paintings on both sides of it, three pillows on the sofa.

Three parts are not necessarily taken: any odd number will do — five, seven, nine, etc.

    

Rule 11: Final Additions - Choice of Accessories, Decorative Items

Decor, accessories do not need too much - two or three sofa cushions, a wall picture in a frame, a couple of family photos, a few statuettes on the mantelpiece, a bright organizer on the wall in the hallway, a cactus on the windowsill. You should not overly clutter up your house, getting rid of all that is superfluous in time - a collection of toys from kinder surprises of the 90s, figurines acquired during travels, goes to the mezzanine or is distributed to neighboring children. A pile of yellowed tablecloths or remnants of the service, dusting in the "wall", is given to those in need through special Internet sites. A bunch of cosmetics jars, drugs, and the fact that “it might come in handy,” but it didn’t take place over the last year, is thrown away. Something most precious to the heart is still left.

Motley, multicolored, small decorations are arranged, hung on a monophonic background, creating the necessary accents.

    

Rule 12: Competently Mixing Styles

Designers advise to carry out the entire apartment, the house in any single style, complementing it with separate elements borrowed from other styles - they are used differently in each room. For example, minimalism, hi-tech, loft in an average urban dwelling is extremely difficult to create, especially if the interior is planned for a family with children and pets. Here, the above-described styles, which in their pure form look completely uninhabited, are inevitably complemented by open shelves, storage boxes for toys, bicycles, scooters in the hallway, sleeping houses for cats, dogs, comfortable handrails for moving elderly grandparents. On expensive, luxurious styles (baroque, empire), usually only a hint is made in the form of luxurious furniture, individual accessories.


    

Conclusion

Create a competent layout of the apartment, house, knowing the basic interior design principles, everyone can easily himself. Dressing is made in accordance with the chosen style of the room, habits, lifestyle of the owners. Properly decorated apartment is cozy and spacious, bright and filled with air, has everything you need and does not contain too much. Comfortable residential interior is different from the pictures in glossy magazines - this is not an art gallery, not an exhibition hall, but above all a place for a comfortable life.

Watch the video: BBC DESIGN RULES 1st EPISODE: SPACE AND PLANNING (March 2024).

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