Finishing of a wooden house inside: interior examples

Finishing work - the last, final stage of construction of a private mansion. Dwelling built of bricks, concrete blocks, natural wood. Exterior, interior decoration of a wooden house fully determines the style of the building. The construction of wood is very warm, eco-friendly, with a positive natural energy, and with proper design is also cozy.

Features of finishing a wooden house

Wooden outside a small rural house, a country mansion is often decorated with wood from the inside. Wood is very rarely stained - the texture has a pleasant appearance, because it is usually only slightly tinted, impregnated with compounds against rot.

The process of interior decoration of the structure of wood should not be excessively accelerated - it will adversely affect the appearance, durability of the whole structure. Before starting the design it is recommended to draw up a detailed plan in order to clearly understand what materials and types of work are necessary.

In order for the building to maintain an optimal microclimate, a comfortable temperature, it is also made from environmentally friendly materials. Estimated humidity of each room is taken into account in the first place - coniferous wood is not advisable to use in the bath, combined bathroom, in the kitchen, due to the excessive release of resin in the event of a temperature increase.


    

When finishing is done in an old, rather than freshly built structure, it is cleaned of the remnants of previous coatings - paint and other things.

When can I start finishing after construction

Immediately after the erection of the structure, the interior finish cannot be made - it is necessary to wait for the partial shrinkage of the sawn timber, during which their dimensions are slightly reduced, the insulation is pressed. Terms of shrinkage are directly dependent on temperature, humidity of the environment, the tree itself, the design features of the dwelling. The size of the building also matters - large houses dry longer.

The structure of laminated veneer lumber dries out most intensively for the first two or three months, and completely more than two years. Therefore, it is recommended to start finishing the house from the inside at least six months after the completion of construction. A log house, unlike a log house, dries out for almost a year. Frame construction, CIP panels consisting of OSB plate and foam layer, practically do not shrink, because the interior can be finished immediately after construction.

Houses built in the winter, the shrinkage will be minimal. To check whether the framework has dried enough, in different places it, especially at the corners, the joints, glue the paper strips: if they have not been torn in a couple of weeks, it is already possible to carry out internal work.

Stages of interior decoration of wooden houses

According to the modern technology, interior improvement is carried out in stages:

  • at the very beginning is caulking;
  • after insert external doors, windows;
  • walls covered with compounds that prevent rotting, molding, damage by insects, fungi;
  • warm the floor of each floor, roof;
  • lay roughing, then finishing floors, if necessary process them with protective equipment;
  • carry out finishing the ceiling;
  • mount electrical wiring;
  • install, connect the heating system, sanitary appliances;
  • make the stairs, interior doors.

The process of internal arrangement of premises in time is able to take more than the construction of the house itself, but should not hurry.

Preparatory stage: how, what you need to handle the tree

At the preparatory stage, the building needs to be twice prokonopat, then the walls are covered with protective agents. It is important to know that protection is necessarily applied not only outside the structure, but also inside. If initially timber, logs were purchased without factory impregnation, then protection is created independently: first, everything is processed before construction begins, then immediately after the construction of the house, and after partial shrinkage, complex measures are taken.

Means for internal processing should be appropriately labeled, they are transparent, with a slight tinting effect. What drugs are needed:

  • primers - prevent the destruction of materials, help good adhesion with the paint applied later;
  • bioprenes - they contain antiprene and antiseptic;
  • antiseptics - have the form of impregnations that protect the wood from the inside or coatings that form a dense film;
  • bleach - helps to remove stains, often appearing in the process of shrinkage, due to the appearance of fungus. Oxalic acid, hydrogen peroxide, bleach and others are also applicable here;
  • flame retardants - reduce the likelihood of fire, are issued saline and non-salt.

The coating starts from the bottom - the first are processed floors, located below, the subfloor, logs, then - between the floors, walls, ceiling. All surfaces are carefully aligned with a grinder, then cleaned of dust, are first covered with an antiseptic - at least two layers are required for a bath, bath, shower, unheated premises. Next is the impregnation with antiprene, preferably non-salt. After the primer is made, in the last turn - a decorative coating.

The choice of materials for wall decoration

Wall materials for a wooden house are almost the same as for the construction of aerated concrete, brick, it is:

  • Lining;
  • block house;
  • drywall, gypsum board, gypsum board;
  • interior paint;
  • decorative plaster;
  • plastic wall panels;
  • DSP;
  • Hardboard;
  • plywood;
  • wallpaper;
  • photo wallpaper;
  • ceramic tiles (for wet rooms).

    

If the weather conditions of the region allow, the walls are not decorated with something extra, but only impregnated with compounds that prevent their damage. The same option is allowed if the house will be used only in summer.

Drywall

Constructions of drywall perfectly conceal large wall irregularities, as well as all communications. Additional intra-house partitions are also built from this material, niches are formed. When used in wet areas of the bathroom, the bathroom, recommended plates with a waterproof coating, for the kitchen, the workshop - with fire resistant. Covering plasterboard material attic, another room that has an irregular shape, will look neat, original.

Installation of drywall is carried out mainly on a wooden crate, metal for buildings made of wood is not recommended.

Clapboard

Sheathing clapboard is made of hardwood, coniferous, at least - exotic woods. By quality, it is divided into four types:

  • extra - panels without visible defects, chips, cracks, knots, spots of a contrasting color;
  • class A - good quality, slight color drops are acceptable;
  • class B - medium quality, there are small chips, cracks on the front side;
  • class C - low quality, many knots, uneven coloring.

Lining is mounted on the crate, varnished. With each other, individual parts are fastened with spikes, grooves. This option is environmentally friendly, very diverse in color, texture.


    

Block house

The block house is a modified, convex wall panel imitating the parts of the logs that are rounded. Elements are fastened with a thorn-groove attachment, and they are made like this: a square is cut out of the whole log, what is left is well dried, polished, becomes a block house. The material is durable, durable, has a high level of decoration, but is almost vapor-tight, and without special impregnation - combustible.

The quality of the processing of the front surface of the block-house is divided into varieties of extra, A, B, C. Depending on the purpose, it is produced for interior work, simple universal, wide for facades, universal wide.


    

In order to ensure sufficient sound insulation, the space between the rails of the crate is covered with insulation.

Plaster

In houses made of natural wood with plaster, usually textured, separate areas of different rooms are finished - a fireplace in the living room, walls in the hallway, places around doorways, windows and window sills. Decorative plasters are vapor-permeable, elastic, durable, not afraid of mechanical effects, they are produced in various shades, which allows you to choose the material for any interior stylistics.


    

It is recommended to update the decorative plaster every four to six years.

Painting

When the log walls are fairly smooth, it is not necessary to sheathe them additionally - you can simply paint them with one or several different paints. At first, the surfaces to be painted are carefully ground, the seams between the parts are masked with a special cord so that there is no draft.
As the dye acts water-based paint, colored antiseptic compositions, which:

  • beautifully emphasize natural wood patterns;
  • reliably protect against the appearance of fungus, mold, rot;
  • prevent the natural darkening of lumber.

The coating is matte or glossy, and the saturation of the hue depends on the number of applied layers.

Using wall panels

Wall panels are reliable, practical, beautiful look. They are produced in different price categories: the most expensive ones are made from solid wood, cheaper ones are made from various wastes. The surface is finished with veneer, varnish on wood, laminated. The shape of this wall material is:

  • type-setting - has the shape of a square, with a side of 300 mm or 980 mm;
  • sheet size is 5 by 1220 by 2440 mm;
  • lath - 10-12 by 120-300 by 2400-3700 mm.

There is also a classification according to the main material:

  • solid wood veneer, consisting of valuable wood plus softwood;
  • Fiberboard - made from wood fibers;
  • Chipboard - made of sawdust, shavings;
  • MDF - made of very small compressed chips.

The panels can also be made of plastic, with a plausible imitation of wood, bamboo, leather, stone, etc. Most wall panels retain heat perfectly inside the room, protect against noise, which is especially important when equipping children's rooms and bedrooms.


    

Wallpaper, wallpapers

Simple paper wallpaper - the most budget option for interior decoration, but if the walls are not smooth, a special substrate is required, for example, from drywall, a thorough priming of the surface for gluing. Fabric options are made of wool, silk, flax, gently emphasizing the naturalness, naturalness of the finish, the beauty of the chosen interior style. Liquid wallpaper is good because it does not have joints, excellent applied, repel dust, they are easy to restore, if the need arose. Also apply vinyl wallpaper, fiberglass, non-woven, painted, washable.

More expensive "wooden wallpaper" or gusvarblok, more like lining than the traditional material. They are made of natural veneer, special, specially dried, thermowood. Such wallpapers are fixed with the help of small nails or “liquid nails”.
Cork products look very original, are created from the loose bark of cork oak. They provide additional insulation of the building, noise insulation. Such a product will perfectly decorate the interior in ethnic style.

Wall mural glued about the same as simple paper, but only on a perfectly flat wall pattern will not be deformed, distorted. Rustic landscape themes or a panorama of a modern metropolis, wide-format images of domestic seals or tigers in the natural environment, abstractions of “screaming” colors and modest still lifes with flowers, wicker baskets are suitable for various interior stylistics.


    

The walls in the form of log

For an exclusively summer cottage, the interior design with additional building materials is not necessary - it is enough to cover the logs or boards with protective compounds, wood stain. All partitions in such a house are made of logs. This home is natural, environmentally friendly, suitable for country styles, rustic. The lack of design is that the shrinkage of solid log walls is large enough, and the fire and antiseptic coating will have to be updated quite often.

    

Only carefully dried logs are used to create a log house - this will reduce shrinkage, the likelihood of mold, rot.

Materials used for interior flooring

The floors in the house of wood should be strong, no less durable than the structure itself, in harmony with the walls. The design consists of a draft base, waterproofing, heat-saving layer, finishing coating. Between the draft floor and the foundation, an “air cushion” is created, which retains heat. Often used backfill, consisting of small chips, sawdust.

Their top layer is most often made of wide deck boards, but other options are acceptable:

  • parquet;
  • laminate;
  • bulk floor;
  • DSP;
  • linoleum;
  • tile;
  • carpet

    

In order for a wooden coating to serve for a long time, not change its properties under the influence of destructive factors (temperature drops, humidity, damage by microorganisms), it is covered with antiseptics, varnish, high-quality insulation is placed under the bottom.

Laminate

Making laminate most often imitates the texture of natural wood, less often - stone, snake skin or has a fantasy pattern. The material itself consists of four different layers: resin impregnated paper, fiberboard, textured woodworking paper, and a protective film coating. The thickness of the laminate is from six to twelve mm. The individual parts are connected to each other with spikes and grooves.

Before laying, a foundation is created - a concrete, cement screed, which should be as flat as possible. The coating is dried for at least 40-60 days, on top, under the laminate itself, a roll substrate is placed. Laying this material on heated floors is not recommended.


    

When using adhesive bonding of parts, waterproof glue is selected.

Linoleum

Linoleum is a relatively durable, cheap coating that is suitable for any room. The variety of colors, patterns, textures, base materials allows you to choose it for any interior style. This option requires the most even, smooth surface for laying - plywood is often used as a substrate. Linoleum is unstable to mechanical damage, it is unacceptable to attach it to the base with nails - only with glue, double-sided tape, and in cramped rooms it is fixed with plinths without the use of additional materials.

If the room is large, it requires laying of several strips of linoleum, then the joints are glued with adhesive tape or are joined by cold welding.

Carpet

Carpeting has high insulating, sound-proofing properties, which is taken into account in houses consisting of two or more floors. Carpet refers to the roll materials, has processed sides, a huge variety of colors and patterns. It is durable enough - will last more than 15 years, is not afraid of wet cleaning, it is made from both natural and synthetic fibers. Different types differ in pile density, base thickness - the thicker the carpet, the warmer the future floor will come out.


    

For the bedroom, living room, nursery, long-pile versions will suit 30-35 mm, in the hallway, the corridor is short-pile, 3-6 mm.

Self-leveling floor

It is rather difficult to make a self-leveling layer on your own, therefore experts are usually invited. The decoration is monochromatic, multi-colored, “three de” format - the top layer looks transparent, and volumetric flowers “bloom” under it, sea waves splash, birds fly, clouds float, etc.

Such floors are usually laid over concrete, carefully leveled coatings. If we are talking about an old house, where the floor was originally wooden, a cement screed is made on its surface, onto which, after it is completely dried, floors are poured.

Parquet board, massive

The wooden floor perfectly preserves the natural microclimate best for human health. It is the most durable, hygroscopic, but it is important not to be mistaken with the choice of rocks suitable for a particular room:

  • wood, abundantly emitting resin (pine, spruce, cedar, fir, larch), is not suitable for places where there are temperature fluctuations or high humidity - kitchens, saunas, baths, bathrooms with warm floors, spaces around the fireplace, etc .;
  • conifers are perfect for living rooms - bedroom, hall, nursery, because, among other things, emit substances that disinfect the air quality;
  • linden, oak, beech are suitable for excessively wet rooms - they are almost not afraid of water;
  • Maple, cherry have high decorative qualities, and with proper processing, they are able to imitate wood of more valuable species.


    

The finished floor is usually treated with wax, over it with varnish or tinted with a suitable color scheme.

Ceramic tile

Ceramic decoration, like most types of stone, is rarely used in “warm” wooden buildings, exclusively in non-residential, utility rooms. The tile looks good in the toilet room, bathroom, kitchen, hallway.When laying tiles in wooden buildings, it is recommended to use "sliding" guides that do not convey the natural deformation of the house during shrinkage on the tile floor.


    

For a wooden mansion is best suited tiles, stylized natural veneer made of precious woods.

Ceiling decoration

There are much more design possibilities in a personally constructed dwelling than in a city apartment - the height of the space here is limited only by imagination, desires, finances of the owners. Finishing the ceiling is most often done with clapboard made of wood, less often with the help of drywall, which is then painted, plastic panels, stretch film or fabric structures.

Wood

Natural wood trim is a popular, optimal option. This coating is the most environmentally friendly, it is made from the array of expensive rocks, and from inexpensive lining, plywood. It is desirable that the humidity of the materials used does not exceed 15-18%: then the deformation will be minimal, the coating - even.

If lining is chosen as a coating, it is laid in the same direction - when the room is small, separate zones are separated into spacious areas using perpendicularly laid panels or their different colors. When the room is made "antique", individual elements are decorated with carvings, hand-painted.

Plywood - the most budget option. It is suitable for unheated, wet rooms. The top layer is usually made of maple, alder, birch, walnut, the middle - from pine, spruce, fir.


    

Plasterboard structures

Any surfaces are sheathed with gypsum plasterboard; it is easy to make a two-three-level ceiling of any area and configuration. Ceiling plates are lighter and thinner than walls, they are mounted on a frame made of wood, less often - metal. On such a ceiling, it is easy to place a lot of spotlights, LED strip, individually highlighting each level along the contour, plaster or plastic decorations, hand-painted, various photo images.

Plastic panels

Plastic material is easy to install. When the rough ceiling is sufficiently smooth, the panels are mounted directly on it, but if not - the crate of wood or metal is assembled first. The disadvantage of this artificial material is that it almost does not let air through, because moisture is often accumulated between the elements, fungus and mold develops. Of the benefits - in case of damage to individual elements, they are easy to replace.

For a wooden mansion suitable ceiling panels in the color of light wood with a corresponding pattern.

Stretch ceiling

The main plus tension structures - they are not deformed, even with significant shrinkage of wooden buildings. If the design still sagged, it can be slightly “tightened” - it is desirable that the master did it. The material is stretched slightly below the beams, which affects the height of the ceilings - this must be taken into account when installing in low rooms. This design can be used in a single ensemble with drywall, when creating multi-level compositions. Depending on the chosen interior style, the film itself or the textile canvas is decorated with various color or monochrome images: floral patterns, geometric ornaments, landscapes, abstractions, birds, clouds, butterflies, kittens, fruits, fish, palm trees, etc.


    

Experts disagree on when to install stretch ceilings. Some offer to do it almost immediately, others - after a year or two, when there is a complete shrinkage of the building.

Styles of a wooden house

The style of the interior for a private house, with the right approach, will suit almost any, but the most common ones are:

  • country music;
  • Provence;
  • rustic;
  • classic;
  • Art Deco;
  • Empire;
  • minimalism;
  • Scandinavian;
  • loft;
  • ethnic;
  • modern.


    

Different design options differ from each other in their appearance, the number of decor, and the ways of decoration In minimalism, the interior is mostly monotonous, practically does not have any decor, the loft deliberately emphasizes volumetric ceiling beams, the floor is forcibly aged, and the gas and water pipes do not hide at all. In the ethnic style, the room is covered with matte protective compounds, for art deco, let's say varnish gloss. Rustic suggests a coarse, "clumsy" decoration of rooms, the Provence is decorated with pretty floral ornaments on smooth walls. The classics is made in bright colors, country is often replete with multicolor.

Conclusion

The interior design of a small log house, a spacious cottage in the suburbs is done with your own hands or with the participation of invited experts who will hold the finish, in accordance with the wishes of the customer "turnkey". A modern wooden mansion will give warmth to more than one generation of tenants, and high-quality, environmentally friendly materials will keep their health in order. Step-by-step master classes on interior work are easy to find on the Internet, on the pages of periodicals.

Watch the video: Plywood as Finish (March 2024).

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