Tile for facing of furnaces and fireplaces

The stove has long been used to heat a home. Demand in such a focus is observed today. Many developers in the construction of houses, cottages often include construction in the project. At the same time, they understand that the appearance of a traditional heat source is no less important than its functionality. As a finishing material used heat-resistant tiles for stoves and fireplaces.

If you can even use drywall, plastic panels imitating a stone or a brick for facing a false fireplace, then only special plates, mainly made of baked clay, are suitable for decorating heating devices. Manufacturers produce a wide range of products. The choice of a particular option depends on various factors - cost, manufacturer, compliance with the interior, personal preferences.

Features of tile selection

Finishing the fireplace performs not only a decorative function. It extends its service life, protects the seams of brickwork from damage, protects the structure from mechanical damage. It also allows you to increase the heat capacity of the furnace. When choosing a tile for facing, you should follow certain rules and recommendations on the following parameters:

  • Environmental friendliness. The tile itself is an environmentally friendly material, does not emit toxins when heated (although this is possible). The greatest danger is the glue used when laying.
  • Heat resistance The product must withstand heating up to 1000 ° C or more, and the coefficient of thermal expansion must be less than 7-8%. On packaging, heat resistance is indicated by the letter "T". Also pay attention to the icon depicting the flame with the numbers inside. It indicates the number of burnings.
  • Resistant to moisture. This parameter should not exceed 3%. To denote the water absorption is used, "E", followed by a number indicating the coefficient.
  • Thermal conductivity. This indicator affects the heating of the room, maintaining a high temperature in it for a longer time.
  • Wear resistance (PEI). This parameter is inherent only in the outdoor versions.
  • Chemical inertness. Icon as a flask on a black square background. Products of class AA are completely neutral to household chemicals, D - the most unstable, completely lose their original appearance.
  • Sort It depends on the number of products with defects in the party. Color is used for marking: red, blue, green, black. The first corresponds to grade 1 (25%).
  • Thickness. Preference is given to materials whose thickness exceeds 8 mm.

Some parameters of product quality can be assessed visually, for example, design, state of the glaze. To determine the curvature, it is enough to take two copies from different packages, attach them to each other with the front side.


Types of tiles used in furnaces and fireplaces

There are many types of heat-resistant tiles. Facing material differs in composition, external characteristics. The choice of a suitable option will depend on many factors: the purpose of the furnace, operating conditions and other things. The surface of the home fireplace is exposed to strong thermal stress. To avoid cracking of blocks and lagging behind masonry, it is necessary to competently approach the task of tile selection and the method of laying. Failure to comply with the process will lead to a rapid loss of the original appearance. Each type of laying element has its own characteristics.

Terracotta

Elements have a smooth, polished surface. The tile is made of white clay by firing at temperatures up to 1000 ° C. The production technology does not provide for the addition of coloring pigments, chemical elements. In addition to excellent heat resistance, has an interesting appearance and unusual structure. The picture may consist of several natural shades, there are compounds of a savage stone, wood, brick. The color range is from beige to dark gray.

The shape of the finished product is hexagon, square. The thickness of the fireplace tiles - up to 8 mm. Terracotta differs from other facing materials for furnaces by clear advantages. Universal tile color facilitates the cleaning process, small grains of dust will be invisible. To eliminate serious pollution, you can use a damp cloth. Original appearance will favorably complement any interior. The material increases the heat output several times, the furnace finished with it will heat the room much faster.

Terracotta can be used for finishing outdoor stoves. Tile does not fade in the sun, tolerates frosts. You can put it yourself without special skills and complex tools. Use a standard way of laying and seamless. Some types of terracotta have special locking systems.

Majolica

The ceramic heat-resistant tile is covered with glaze. The main feature of the material - the presence of paintings on the surface. Depending on the type of pattern, there are many varieties of it. Gzhel, Moroccan, Egyptian patterns are especially popular. Oven tile is not suitable for all interiors. By drawing, you can distinguish expensive options from cheap fakes.

Majolica has all the characteristics of terracotta, differs in a more dense structure due to the full filling of the pores with glaze. This feature eliminates its use in a humid environment (in the bath, in the kitchen). This tile is not made massively. Most often make a limited batch for a particular furnace. Drawing is applied manually or using special forms. On high-quality models that imitate natural materials, very rarely are repetitions of patterns and images. The laborious process of making majolica significantly increases its cost.


Tile

One of the most popular finishes, although the material does not have sufficient characteristics. Any kind of heat-resistant tile is very susceptible to temperature changes. If it is decided to use ceramic parts for facing the furnace, it is necessary to choose elements without enrobing. Their size should not exceed 20x20 cm. The material can not be used on the street.

Put ceramics on a special refractory mastic or glue. Also use the technology of installation in a metal frame. Cement, clay solutions are not suitable, because the material does not absorb moisture at all. Finishing a fireplace or stove tiles can be performed in one tone or vary the patterns.


Clinker tiles

When choosing a facing material for the furnace, many experts are inclined to this option, as the most profitable and successful. Clinker is made of refractory types of clay of the highest grade. Increase resistance to temperatures due to multiple roasting.

The brick tile differs in modern design, a huge number of color schemes. Elements can be glazed and unglazed. The material has the following characteristics:

  • Naturalness Make clinker without chemical additives and artificial dyes;
  • High resistance to mechanical stress;
  • Resistance to temperature changes. The material is used for internal and external works;
  • Low moisture absorption;
  • Large range of types and sizes. May participate in a project of any style.

Tiles

Elements are formed from clay by pressing, then fired at high temperature. The seamy side of the tile has special sides that make the box shape special. Due to this, its heat-saving properties increase.

The installation of the tile takes place with the use of additional elements due to the complex shape of the parts. Mechanical installation requires pre-installation of special brackets, rods. The surface of the fireplace, on which the tiles do not heat up to a high temperature. You can touch them with your bare hand without the risk of getting burned.

The main value of the tile - high aesthetic properties. Due to the variety of sizes and patterns, a fireplace with such decoration will look great in any style. The shape of the parts can be flat, angular, shaped. When laying the tile is not allowed its division and cutting, otherwise it will lose its unique cumulative properties.


Chamotte tile

The material has a complex composition. It is produced from a mixture of several types of refractory clay and stone flour. The thickness of the elements - 10-30 mm. Some types of plates are equipped with special locks, which allows you to make an almost monolithic finish.

Chamotte tile has high moisture resistance and heat resistance. It is able to heat up to 2000 ° C without being deformed, without damage to the appearance. The low coefficient of thermal conductivity of the material allows the furnace to maintain the temperature for a long time, gradually giving it to the room.

Products for lining furnaces with the addition of fireclay are characterized by increased strength, resistance to alkalis, acids, solvents. Release fireclay tiles in limited quantities. The high cost is justified by decent quality characteristics, individual approach to each order.

Porcelain stoneware

The material allows you to make a high-quality finish of the furnace in a modern style. Porcelain tile is used to finish the facades of any heating units. Such a tile is obtained by the method of dry pressing by mixing clay, homogeneous mixtures of kaolin, quartz sand, and pigments. Its popularity is easily explained by special physicochemical properties. This is a low coefficient of abrasion, high mechanical strength, resistance to moisture and temperature extremes.

The ceramic granite fire-resistant tile is produced in different colors and textures. It is possible to purchase a cladding material with any finishing surface structure. The following texture types are popular:

  • Glazed The front side of the tile is treated with an enamel composition, which hardens and acquires special strength after firing;
  • Waxed. Glitter surfaces are achieved by the crystallization of the upper layer before the material is burned;
  • Matte. Not processed further after firing, which reduces the cost;
  • Rectified The required size and shape is achieved by cutting the side parts with the help of special equipment;
  • Polished. After exposure to temperature, the surface is cut and polished - there is brilliance and a clear pattern. Tiles require careful maintenance due to the porous structure of the upper layer;
  • Semi polished. The surface is partially cut off, which makes the top layer combined - alternation of haze and gloss occurs.


Marble

In addition to the tile, for the decoration of fireplaces use marble columns, statues, corners, arches and other overhead elements that emphasize the aristocratic design. A variety of plates themselves in color and size makes it possible to choose the appropriate option to the overall style of the room.

Before installing the tiles, it is imperative to reinforce all the surfaces of the heating unit. For this reinforcing mesh is placed on a layer of plaster. Marble tiles do not produce more than 10 mm in thickness, but such a section with a large number of elements may be enough to collapse the lining with the slightest vibration.

The job of facing the fireplace with marble tiles is not easy. The difficulty lies in the careful selection of elements and the choice of adhesive mixture. Parts from one package may have different directions of the pattern. It is necessary to compare the veinlets harmoniously and transfer the overall picture to the fireplace. Glue should not leave any marks on the noble surface. The seams are filled with special mastic.

Fake diamond

Finishing materials similar to natural tiles are not inferior to them in performance. Artificial stone is made on the basis of gypsum or Portland cement with the addition of expanded clay. All substances are mixed and poured into forms made in the likeness of natural stones. The advantage of facing this type of material is as follows:

  • Aesthetic appearance;
  • Heat resistance;
  • Low weight;
  • Successful imitation of natural stone;
  • Ease of processing. You can create elements of any shape and size with your own hands;
  • Long service life;
  • Possibility of combination with tiles from other materials (ceramics, natural stone, marble).


 

Sizes of tiles

For facing of fireplaces and furnaces it is necessary to choose a tile of the small sizes. Since the heat unit in the house itself does not have large dimensions, the material must be chosen harmoniously. From small details it is easier to make a beautiful drawing or pattern, and large ones will often have to be cut. Decorating tiles for brick or natural stone looks better if you use the full-size elements.

Popular sizes of tiles for furnaces are 10x10 mm, 15x15 mm, 18x18 mm, 6x12 mm, 6x18 mm, thickness - within 8 mm. The installation of materials start from the corner and move to the wall. Places of an adjoining of a material to a surface make out cut details.

The format of the fireplace should be commensurate with the proportions of the room itself. All elements must be even and proportional. The slightest deviation of one of the parties can lead the whole row to the side.

Color spectrum

Color tiles for stoves and fireplaces should be selected to the overall design of the room. The clinker plates are represented mainly by natural shades - from pure white to chocolate. The range of shades of porcelain is just huge. With it, you can create a designer unique finish thermal unit.

If it is necessary to emphasize the naturalness of the hearth, to bring the construction as close as possible to the rustic stove, choose a terracotta of natural clay color for cladding. Marble plates, majolica, tiled elements produce mainly light colors, complement with paintings, various patterns.

Stylistic directions

Room fireplace - multifunctional unit. In addition to heating, it performs important aesthetic functions, is the original decoration of the central room. The method of finishing, the shape of the tiles has a significant impact on the overall style of the room. Make the fireplace attractive in various ways. By means of a facing tile it is possible to issue the furnace or a fireplace in the following styles:

  • Under Gzhel. Use majolica, tiles of various shapes. The unique design is created individually for rustic, ethno and country style fireplaces;
  • Imitation brickwork. Design of a fireplace in a modern style with the help of a brick tile allows you to create a unique atmosphere. Minimalistic design involves the complete concealment of the heat source behind a brick false wall;
  • Under the stone. Modern production technologies allow the fireplace to be finished with tiles that imitate the texture of natural stone. This material looks great in the English style, chalet, Provence;
  • Mirror tile. Finishing is suitable for modern interiors in the Scandinavian style, minimalism, hi-tech. Elements with reflective glossy surfaces are often placed inside the hearth to create a reflection effect of the flame;
  • Panno. You can lay out the original panel above the hearth with the help of porcelain stoneware, clinker tiles and tiles. Patterns with natural motifs, original drawings perfectly fit into the eastern, eco style.


Styling rules

The stove is a focal point in the interior. It should always look beautiful and symmetrical. Facing work is carried out according to a preliminary plan. First of all, you need to decide on the type of installation and material, calculate the required number of tiles. With the laying of some types of plates you can handle yourself. For complex work with the preliminary preparation of the base will require the help of an experienced master. Installation of tile materials is carried out according to certain rules.

What solution to choose for laying

Tile mortar can be purchased in powder or gel form. The range of adhesive mixtures for lining furnaces is very diverse, which allows you to choose the right option for a particular type of plate. In composition and purpose, they differ as follows:

  • Sand-cement mortar. Used for laying ceramic, gypsum tiles. The composition includes portland cement, water, sand;
  • Clay solution. Suitable for tile, tile, majolica. Composition - clay, water, aggregates. Under the influence of high temperature material gains strength;
  • A mixture of clay, sand, cement. It has a complex composition that complements liquid glass and ground chalk. Heavy tiles (marble, fireclay, granite) are planted on it;
  • Mastic. Heat-resistant compositions are made from clay, cement, latex, bitumen with the addition of turpentine, solvent. The proportions depend on the type of material and the way it is laid.

How to prepare the base

It is possible to lay a tile for furnaces only on a plain surface. If this is an old fireplace, it is necessary to remove all layers, leaving a bare brick surface. Из промежуточных швов надо выбить остатки раствора, углубившись не менее чем на 1 см. Проводить работы можно ручным способом с помощью металлической щетки или использовать болгарку и специальную насадку.

Теперь основание печи надо очистить от пыли и обработать грунтом. Смесь наносят в несколько слоев, пока она не перестанет впитываться. На поверхности закрепляют армирующую сетку с помощью дюбелей и еще раз грунтуют. Grid primazyvayut plaster solution. After it is completely dry, you can apply a leveling compound, install beacons.

Seam processing

To grout tile joints start a few days after laying. Use special heat-resistant mixture of a suitable tone. Work carried out with a rubber spatula or a special gun. Depending on the final result, the style of the fireplace choose a grout with the desired structure, which will make the seams rough or completely smooth.

Mixtures for the treatment of seams have a different composition. Their main task is the general strengthening of the decoration array, protection from harmful effects, making the fireplace or stove aesthetically pleasing. Release cement and epoxy grout. Some mixtures are applied in a non-standard way, spreading over the entire surface of the tile. After complete drying, the excess part is removed from the surface with a sponge.

How to care for tiles

Any tile, moisture resistant, heat resistant, does not require special care. Periodic wet cleaning with the use of detergents is enough. It is not recommended to use a hard sponge, scraper and other devices that can damage the surface of the elements.

Some types of tiles are washed with alcohol or solvents. Proportions, recommendations on the manufacture of cleaning mixtures manufacturer indicates on the packaging of the material. For the care of seams, rubbed with epoxy mixture, you can use any cleaning compositions. If the seam is treated with cement, only sparing solutions are used that do not contain abrasives and acids.

Conclusion

Facing the fireplace is absolutely not a difficult task, if not to be afraid of dust and dirt in the process. The main thing is to strictly follow the technology, choosing the right material. High-quality tiles will decorate the interior, fill the room with comfort and warmth.

Watch the video: How to Install Stone to Makeover Your Fireplace - OurHouse DIY (March 2024).

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